A working glossary of the terminology you’ll see in Poly Syncer’s panel, documentation, and across Polymarket itself. Definitions are pragmatic — they describe how each concept actually applies to copy-trading on Polymarket, not abstract textbook coverage. Cross-links between related entries let you walk from one term to the next.
For deeper, task-oriented coverage, see the documentation; for live Q&A, the help center. The terminology below maps directly onto how Poly Syncer delivers prediction market copy trading in production — every term has a concrete role in the engine, not just a textbook meaning. If you are evaluating Poly Syncer as a smart money tracker, start with Composite score, Sharpe ratio, and Outlier filter.
AMM (Automated Market Maker)
A smart-contract market maker that prices outcomes using a mathematical formula instead of a traditional orderbook. Polymarket runs a hybrid model: a CLOB (central limit orderbook) on the CTF Exchange backed by AMM liquidity for thinner markets. Poly Syncer mirrors fills regardless of which mechanism settled the leader's trade.
Binary outcome
A market that resolves to exactly one of two states — typically YES or NO. Each share pays $1 if its outcome wins and $0 if it loses, so the price always sits between $0.00 and $1.00 and can be read as the market's probability estimate. The vast majority of Polymarket markets are binary.
Co-located RPC
A private RPC endpoint physically located in the same data center as a Polygon validator. Available to Elite users only. Eliminates wide-area network latency between Poly Syncer's mirror engine and the chain, which is what makes sub-second copy trades practical (~600 ms p99).
Copier
A Poly Syncer user whose wallet mirrors the trades of one or more leader wallets. Copiers control allocation, risk gates, and category filters; they do not control which trades a leader takes.
CTF Exchange
The Conditional Token Framework exchange contract on Polygon that settles Polymarket trades. Conditional tokens are ERC-1155 positions representing “you own X if outcome Y resolves true.” Poly Syncer listens for the contract's order.filled events to detect leader trades.
Drawdown
The peak-to-trough decline in a portfolio's equity curve, expressed as a percentage. Maximum drawdown is the worst such decline over a measurement window. Poly Syncer uses both as ranking inputs (lower is better) and as a hard risk-control floor — hitting your configured max drawdown pauses copy-trading until you re-enable it.
Edge
The expected value advantage a trader has over the market price, expressed as a fraction. A buyer paying $0.55 on a market they believe is 60% has a 5% edge. The Kelly criterion uses edge as its primary input.
EIP-712
An Ethereum standard for typed structured-data signatures. Lets a wallet sign a human-readable, machine-verifiable payload — “I authorise Poly Syncer to trade up to $5,000 with 0.75% slippage until 1 May 2026” — instead of an opaque hex blob. Poly Syncer uses EIP-712 for the trading permission a copier signs once at setup.
Elite plan
$499/month. Removes every limit on Pro: unlimited wallets, sub-second mirroring on the co-located RPC, AI alpha discovery, mempool sniping, hedge mode, and a dedicated account manager. Capped at 500 seats globally.
Free plan
Poly Syncer's view-only tier: browse the leaderboard, inspect any wallet's trade history, and read every category page at no cost. Copy-trading itself — following wallets and running the mirror engine — requires Pro or Elite. No card, no email.
Gas
The fee paid to validators for executing a transaction on Polygon, denominated in MATIC. Polymarket trades cost roughly $0.001 to $0.01 in gas under normal conditions. Poly Syncer estimates gas with a 1.2× safety multiplier and refuses to mirror trades whose gas-as-percentage-of-position exceeds your configured ceiling.
Kelly criterion
A formula for the fraction of bankroll to risk on a bet given a known edge and odds. Maximises long-run geometric growth. Full Kelly is volatile in practice, so Poly Syncer applies fractional Kelly with a variance cap of 0.25 — the regime real desks run.
Leader
A public Polymarket wallet that Poly Syncer ranks and that copiers can choose to follow. Leaders do not opt in, are not paid, and are not affiliated with Poly Syncer — the leaderboard is built entirely from on-chain data.
Leaderboard
The Polymarket leaderboard maintained by Poly Syncer — a ranked list of public Polymarket wallets, refreshed every 60 seconds. Composite score combines realised PnL, win-rate, Sharpe, max drawdown, average hold time, and market diversity, with a luck filter that drops outliers.
Market resolution
The point at which a Polymarket market closes and pays out winning shareholders. Resolution is determined by an oracle — typically UMA's optimistic oracle — based on the question's rules. Once resolved, no further trading occurs and Poly Syncer stops mirroring on that market.
Max position size
A copier-configured ceiling on the USDC value of any single market exposure. Overrides the Kelly-derived size when Kelly would exceed it. Sets the upper bound on per-trade loss.
Mempool
The pool of pending transactions broadcast to the network but not yet included in a block. Polygon's public mempool is observable, which exposes naive submissions to front-running. Poly Syncer avoids this by submitting through a private mempool using MEV-resistant bundles.
MEV (Maximal Extractable Value)
Profit a block builder or searcher can extract by reordering, inserting, or censoring transactions in a block. Sandwich attacks and front-running are the most common forms. Poly Syncer submits orders through Flashbots-style private bundles so block builders see the bundle but the public mempool does not, eliminating the most common MEV attacks against copy trades.
Mirror latency
Time elapsed between a leader's fill confirming on-chain and the copier's mirror order confirming on-chain. Poly Syncer's SLOs: ~1.8 s p99 on Pro (premium RPC) and ~600 ms p99 on Elite (co-located node).
Oracle
A service that brings external data on-chain. Polymarket relies on UMA's optimistic oracle for market resolution: a proposer asserts an outcome, a dispute window opens, and the assertion finalises if unchallenged. Poly Syncer treats oracle resolution as authoritative and ceases mirroring once a market is resolved.
Polygon
The EVM-compatible Layer 2 chain Polymarket settles on. Sub-second block times and sub-cent gas costs make high-frequency copy-trading economically viable. Poly Syncer operates exclusively on Polygon mainnet.
Private mempool
A submission pathway that delivers transactions directly to block builders without first broadcasting them to the public network. Used by Poly Syncer to defeat MEV attacks and reduce slippage. See also: mempool.
Pro plan
$299/month. Up to 250 leader wallets, unlimited trades per day, premium dedicated RPC (~1.5 s mirror latency), all 25 Polymarket categories with filtering, full risk-control surface, and webhook delivery. The plan most active copiers run.
Risk Engine
Poly Syncer's in-process gate that checks every potential mirror trade against the user's configured controls — max position, slippage cap, daily loss cap, max drawdown, time-of-day window, category filter — before sizing or submission.
Sharpe ratio
A measure of risk-adjusted return: (return − risk-free rate) / standard deviation of return. Higher is better. Poly Syncer weights leader Sharpe heavily in the leaderboard composite because it penalises wallets that are profitable but volatile, which tend not to be repeatable.
Slippage
The difference between the price you expect to receive and the price you actually fill at. Poly Syncer enforces a per-trade slippage ceiling (default 0.75% / 75 bps) signed into the EIP-712 trading permission. Trades exceeding it are skipped, not retried.
Trading permission
The scoped EIP-712 signature a copier issues from their wallet to authorise the Poly Syncer mirror engine. Bounded by max notional, max slippage, expiry, and a revocable nonce. Cannot move funds anywhere except the CTF Exchange.
Trail of Bits
The independent security firm that audited Poly Syncer's smart contracts in Q1 2026. The full report, including all findings and our responses, is published verbatim on the security page.
USDC
A fully-collateralised US dollar stablecoin. Polymarket markets are denominated in USDC.e on Polygon. Copiers fund their wallets with USDC.e and receive winnings in the same token.
Wallet allocation
The fraction of a copier's bankroll the engine will deploy when a specific leader trades. Default 5% per leader. Caps the contribution any single leader can make to overall PnL — the dial that converts “I follow them” into “I follow them at this size.”
Win-rate
The fraction of a wallet's closed trades that ended profitably. A useful but easily-misleading statistic in isolation: a 90% win-rate with 10x bigger losers than winners is a losing strategy. Poly Syncer reports win-rate alongside Sharpe and drawdown for context.